The shoulder joint is the most mobile joint of the human body and the most commonly dislocated joint precisely because of its structure, which allows it to move in three dimensions, but also increases the possibility of injury. A balance is needed between stability and mobility of the joint, and stability itself is key to the full function of the shoulder joint. Shoulder joint instability is classified according to whether there is traumatic structural damage to the joint, whether the cause of the instability is atraumatic, or whether the instability occurs due to a lack of muscle control. Anterior shoulder instability is most common in acute traumatic dislocations. For traumatic injuries, surgical treatment is most often indicated to reduce the dislocation caused by the stimulus event. Ligament looseness or repetitive movements can lead to atraumatic instability in which the treatment of choice is questionable. In the absence of muscle control without the presence of damage to the joint structure, the method of choice is conservative treatment. To restore stability of the shoulder joint, it is necessary to strengthen the muscles whose function is to ensure dynamic stability of the joint. These are the rotator scapular muscles and the rotator cuff muscles, and the goal for them is to achieve their optimal function and balance in strength. The success of a rehabilitation program depends on proper patient assessment, appropriate initiation, and an individualized approach. The goal is to reduce pain and restore motor control so that in the long run the patient would not have recurrent dislocations, greater damage of the joint and reduced functionality, and consequently long-term joint instability. By searching PubMed and PEDro using MeSh terms joint instability, shoulder dislocation, exercise therapy, physical therapy modalities, rehabilitation, conservative treatment and conservative management with additional literature search, found papers gave results and information for the topic of shoulder instability and rehabilitation procedures.