One of the basic and simplest measures that can prevent the spread of infections within health care facilities is proper hand hygiene of healthcare professionals. Therefore, the greatest influence on the spread of microorganisms lies in hand hygiene. Looking back at history, many diseases and infections have emerged precisely because of poor hand hygiene. Knowing the indications for hand hygiene issued by the World Health Organization better known as the "Five Moments for Hand Hygiene" and their consistent implementation can reduce the transmission of microorganisms among health professionals to each other and between health professionals and patients. This final paper aimed to examine the attitudes and knowledge of proper hand hygiene of full-time undergraduate professional students of nursing at the Faculty of Health Studies in Rijeka. The first part of the paper discusses the general data and information related to hand hygiene, and the second part of the paper describes the research conducted. 48 students participated in the survey. The survey consisted of 26 questions with offered answers. The analysis of the survey is described in detail using graphs. The results of the research show positive attitudes of students about the importance of hand hygiene and a satisfactory level of knowledge about the indications and ways of proper hand hygiene.