| Abstract | Mediteranska prehrana je način prehrane koji se bazira na lokalnim namirnicama koje su
konzumirali stanovnici Mediterana 60-ih godina. Mnoge su dosadašnje studije pokazale
dobrobiti poput smanjenja rizika od kardiovaskularnih bolesti, karcinoma, metaboličkog
sindroma, reumatičnih bolesti te ostalih kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti. Važan dio mediteranske
prehrane je svakodnevna aerobna tjelesna aktivnost koja donosi mnoge dobrobiti za ljudsko
zdravlje poput smanjenja rizika od hipertenzije, predstavlja način prevencije od raka te se
preporučuje kao terapija za osteoporozu. Uz sve navedeno, pozitivan utjecaj ima na kontrolu
razina šećera u krvi, ali i kolesterola, čime se uvelike snižava rizik od srčanog udara ili drugih
bolesti kardiovaskularnog sustava. Uz tjelesnu aktivnost često se vezuje i indeks tjelesne mase
odnosno stupanj uhranjenosti. Pretilost se povezuje s povećanim rizikom od hipertenzije i
većinom kardiovaskularnih bolesti, karcinoma i bolesti dišnih sustava te predstavlja
najznačajniji čimbenik rizika za razvoj dijabetesa. Cilj ovog rada bio je analizirati povezanost
mediteranske prehrane, dnevne aerobne tjelesne aktivnosti i stupnja uhranjenosti s pojavnošću
kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti kod populacije otoka Visa. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno
101 ispitanika koji su dali odgovore na pitanja o antropometrijskim podacima, općim
zdravstvenim podacima te podacima o prehrambenim navikama i vrstama tjelesnih aktivnosti.
Kronične nezarazne bolesti koje su obrađene su: povišeni krvni tlak, koronarna bolest srca,
moždani udar, šizofrenija, manije/depresija, zloćudni tumor, šećerna bolest, giht, glaukom,
upala zglobova, bubrežna bolest te ulkusna bolest. Rezultati su pokazali kako stupanj
uhranjenosti (p=0.060) i mediteranska prehrana (p=0.465) nisu značajni prediktori pojavnosti
kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti. Svakodnevna aerobna tjelesna aktivnosti međutim, potvrđena je
kao značajni prediktor (p=0.022). Ovo je istraživanje omogućilo uvid u prehrambene navike
stanovnika otoka Visa te je osiguralo vrijedne podatke za utvrđivanje stupnja uhranjenosti i
svakodnevne tjelesne aktivnosti. Kod budućih istraživanja u obzir bi se trebala uzeti i tehnička
ograničenja utvrđena obradom upitnika u ovome radu. |
| Abstract (english) | Mediterranean diet represents a type of diet based on local ingredients consumed by the
inhabitants of the Mediterranean area in the 60s. Many studies have proven the benefits of such
Mediterranean diet that includes reduction of the cardiovascular disease, cancer, metabolic
syndrome, rheumatoid diseases, and other chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) risk. An
important part of the Mediterranean diet is the daily aerobic physical activity, which also brings
many benefits to human health such as reducing the risk of hypertension, cancer and malignant
diseases and is recommended as a therapy for osteoporosis. In addition to all these observations
above, it has proven to exert effects in control of blood sugar and cholesterol levels, which
ultimately reduces the risk of heart attack or other cardiovascular diseases. Body mass index
and weight status are often closely linked to physical activity. Obesity increases the risk of
hypertension, majority of cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and respiratory diseases, and is the
most significant risk factor for the development of diabetes. The aim of this study was
accordingly, to analyze the relationship between the Mediterranean diet, daily aerobic physical
activity, and the weight status with the incidence of NCD in the inhabitants of the island of Vis.
The study involved 101 participants who gave answers questions about anthropometric data,
general health data, data on eating habits and physical activity. The NCD that have been covered
by questioner are high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, stroke, schizophrenia,
mania/depression, malignancy, diabetes, gout, glaucoma, arthritis, kidney disease and ulcer
disease. The results showed that the weight status (p = 0.060) and the Mediterranean diet (p =
0.465) are not significant predictors of the incidence of NCD. Daily aerobic physical activity
was confirmed as a significant predictor (p = 0.022). This research provided insights into the
eating habits of the inhabitants of the island of Vis, as well as their weight status and daily
physical activity. Future research should address the technical shortcomings identified in this
thesis and established during the course of this study. |
