The goal of this thesis was to point out the incidence of the drowning of children in the period between 2008 and 2018 at the Paediatric clinic of the Clinical Hospital Centre of Rijeka. Alongside general information about children and the drowning, the goal was to analyse the effect on organs, the use of diagnostic tests, and the application of therapeutic procedures. Using a cross-sectional study, I have analysed discharged letters and the history of illnesses of the children involved in the drowning. The documentation has been collected from the Paediatric clinic archive, as well as the IBIS system. In total, I have analysed 29 children involved in drowning. All children have survived the drowning accident. The results show that there is a higher rate of male children involved in the accident of drowning – 66% of them. The most common age of children who were drowning ranged from 1 to 7 years of age. Most children were drowning in the sea, with 93% of children drowning during the summer months. 55% of children were not citizens of the Republic of Croatia. Most children were non-swimmers. Most complications manifested on the respiratory system. 93% of children underwent x-ray examinations. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed on 48% of children. 72,5% of children received diuretic and oxygentherapy. To prevent children from drowning, the most important measures are the education of parents on the importance of supervision of children, elimination of potential places of drowning, use of swimming equipment for children who are non-swimmers, as well as swimming schools for children. It is also important to educate the laymen about first aid to children who were drowning to increase the possibility of a positive outcome of the child involved in the accident.