| Abstract | Nasilje u obitelji uzrokuje onaj član obitelji koji korištenjem sile ili nekim drugim postupkom uspostavlja kontrolu nad drugim članom obitelji ili cijelom obitelji. Zlostavljanje se ne događa iznimno, već je ono dugotrajno i učestalo, a zlostavljač preuzima moć i kontrolu nad žrtvom. S obzirom na česte doticaje patronažnih sestara sa slučajevima obiteljskog nasilja u praksi, nužno je ispitati njihove stavove prema prijavljivanju slučajeva obiteljskog nasilja te iskustva u međusektorskoj suradnji sa socijalnom službom, policijom i pravosuđem.
Cilj: Istražiti uvjerenja i stavove patronažnih sestara Primorsko-goranske županije o međusektorskoj suradnji s Centrom za socijalnu skrb u prevenciji obiteljskog nasilja.
Specifični ciljevi rada su: istražiti važnost profesionalne uloge patronažnih sestara u slučajevima nasilja u obitelji i važnost koju pridaju svakoj suradničkih službi (službe koje se bave problemima nasilja u obitelji). Istražiti i analizirati dosadašnja iskustva sa socijalnom skrbi, te ispitati njihov odnos prema prijavljivanju nasilja u obitelji.
Metode: Istraživanje je provedeno pomoću anonimnog upitnika kojim su ispitane medicinske sestre zaposlene u patronažnoj službi Doma zdravlja Primorsko-goranske županije. Istraživanje se provodilo od veljače do svibnja 2020.g. Svi kvantitativni podaci u istraživanju analizirani su metodom deskriptivne statistike. Normalnost distribucije rezultata u različitim grupama ispitana je Kolmogorov-Smirnovim testom. Za statističku usporedbu rezultata među grupama korišteni su neparametrijski testovi, Kruskal Wallis test za usporedbu više grupa i Mann Whitney U test za usporedbu dvije grupe. Razina statističke značajnosti postavljena je na p<0,05 (95% razina pouzdanosti).
Rezultati: Slaganje s tvrdnjom da su socijalne službe glavna poluga u rješavanju problema nasilja izrazilo je 25,9% ispitanica , 24,1% ispitanica ne slaže se s tom tvrdnjom, dok 46,6% ispitanica nije imalo definiran stav. Nepovjerenje prema pravosuđu i njegovom učinkovitom rješavanju problema nasilja izrazilo je 63,8 % ispitanica. Više od polovice ispitanica ima pozitivan stav prema nevladinim udrugama za pomoć žrtvama nasilja.
Najveći broj ispitanica, njih 63,8% ne slaže se s tvrdnjom da je prijavljivanje nasilja u nadležnosti drugih nezdravstvenih službi i da se zdravstvo u to ne bi trebalo miješati. Mišljenje da je svaki čovjek dužan prijaviti bilo kakvo saznanje o obiteljskom nasilju ima 86% ispitanica.
Strah od neozbiljnosti shvaćanja prijave obiteljskog nasilja izrazilo je 5,9% ispitanica. Sumnju prema učinkovitosti mehanizama kojima raspolaže Centar za socijalnu skrb u svrhu zaštite žrtve potvrdilo je 43,1% ispitanica, a neodređen stav prema učinkovitosti socijalne službe izrazilo je 39,7% ispitanica. Nakon suradnje s Centrom za socijalnu skrb 28 ispitanica (48,3%) izrazile su volju za nastavkom suradnje.
Iz rezultata dobivenih ispitivanjem broja dosadašnjih kontakata sa socijalnom službom u svezi nasilja u obitelji najveći broj ispitanica imalo je sveukupno 1-5 kontakata sa službom socijalne skrbi u svom radnom vijeku. Njih 10,3 % nikada nije ostvarilo taj kontakt , a njih 15 (ili 25,9%) kontakt sa socijalnom skrbi ostvaruje od 2-5 puta mjesečno.
Zaključak: Patronažne sestre Doma zdravlja Promorsko-goranske županije prepoznaju svoju struku kao bitan činbenik prevencije nasilja u obitelji. Potrebno je povećati suradnju socijalne skrbi, pravosudnih organa i patronažne službe kako bi se steklo veće povjerenje u sustav i njegovu učinkovitost. Od iznimnog značaja je međusobno poznavanje djelokruga rada navedenih djelatnosti i mjera koje se mogu provesti u skladu sa zakonima i propisima. Razvoj profesionalnog stava, edukacija i dobra međusektorska suradnja temelji su za uspješnu podršku žrtvama obiteljskog nasilja. |
| Abstract (english) | Introduction: Domestic violence is a personal, family, and social problem that significantly impairs the quality of life and mental health of all those who are directly or indirectly exposed to it. Domestic violence is characterized by the desire of one family member to use force or some other act to establish control over a family member or the whole family. Abuse does not happen exceptionally, but it is long-lasting and frequent, and the abuser takes power and control over the victim. Given the frequent contact of community nurses with cases of domestic violence in practice, it is necessary to examine their attitudes towards reporting cases of domestic violence and experience in cross-sectoral cooperation with social services, police and the judiciary.
Objective: To explore the beliefs and attitudes of community nurses on cross-sectoral cooperation with the Centre for Social Welfare in the prevention of domestic violence, to explore the clarity of their professional role in cases of domestic violence and the importance they attach to each of the cooperation services, and to examine their attitude towards reporting domestic violence
Methods: The research was conducted using an anonymous questionnaire. The respondents were nurses employed in the patronage service of the Primorsko-Goranska County Health Centre. The survey was conducted from February 2020 until May 2020. All quantitative data in the research were analysed using the method of descriptive statistics. The normality of the distribution of results in different groups was examined by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to examine the normality of the distribution. For statistical comparison of results between groups, nonparametric tests, the Kruskal Wallis test for comparison of several groups and Mann Whitney U test for comparison of two groups, were used. The level of statistical significance was set at p <0.05 (95% confidence level).
Results: Only 25.9% of respondents agreed with the statement that social services are the main lever in solving the problem of violence, while no one completely agreed with this statement. 63.8% of respondents expressed distrust of the judiciary and its effective solution to the problem of violence. More than half of the respondents have a positive attitude towards non-governmental organizations for aiding the victims of violence.
The largest number of respondents, 63.8% of them, disagree with the statement that reporting violence is the responsibility of other non-health services and that health care should not interfere. 86% of the respondents are of the opinion that every person is obliged to report any knowledge of domestic violence.
Fear of the lack of seriousness in understanding the report of domestic violence was expressed by 15 respondents, or 25.9% of them. Doubt about the effectiveness of the mechanisms available to the social welfare centre for the purpose of victim protection was expressed by 43.1% of the respondents, while 39.7% of the respondents expressed an indefinite attitude towards the effectiveness of social services. 28 respondents (48.3%) remained willing to continue further contacts with the social welfare centre.
From the results obtained by examining the number of previous contacts with the social service in relation to domestic violence, the largest number of respondents had a total of 1-5 contacts with the social welfare service in their working life. 10.3% of them have never made that contact, while 25.9% have made contact with social welfare 2-5 times a month.
Conclusion: Community nurses recognize their profession as an important factor in violence prevention. It is necessary to increase the cooperation between social welfare, judicial authorities and patronage in order to gain greater trust among these activities. It is necessary to have mutual knowledge of the scope of work of these activities, the measures they can implement and the possibility of achieving the set goals of all activities. The development of a professional attitude, education and good cross-sectoral cooperation are the foundations for successful support to victims of domestic violence. |
