Title RAZINA, IZVORI I UČESTALOST PROFESIONALNOG STRESA KOD MEDICINSKIH SESTARA I TEHNIČARA
Title (english) THE LEVEL OF SOURCES AND FREQUENCY OF OCCUPATION STRESS IN NURSES AND TECHNICIANS
Author Andrea Režić
Mentor Rozmari Tusić (mentor)
Mentor Sandra Bošković (komentor)
Committee member Elizabeta Dadić-Hero (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Veljko Flego (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Rozmari Tusić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Rijeka Faculty of Health Studies (Department of Midwifery) Rijeka
Defense date and country 2021-11-30, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Nursing
Abstract Profesionalni stres ili stres na radnom mjestu može se definirati kao promjena u fizičkom ili psihičkom stanju čovjeka, kao odgovor na stresore na radnom mjestu. Prema podacima Europske agencije za sigurnost i zdravlje na radu iz 2018. godine, profesionalni stres drugi je najčešći zdravstveni problem povezan s radnim mjestom nakon bolova u leđima, a pogađa 22% djelatnika u 27 europskih zemalja. Najpoznatije teorije i modeli profesionalnog stresa uključuju model prilagodbe osobe-okoline, model karakteristika posla, model potražnje za kontrolom i model neravnoteže uloženog truda. Modeli fiziološkog odgovora na stres usmjereni su na dva glavna mehanizma: adrenalni medularni odgovor, koji uključuje adrenalin i norepinefrin, i os hipotalamus -hipofiza -nadbubrežna žlijezda, koji uključuje kortizol. Uzimajući u obzir osobne i organizacijske komponente, sestrinstvo se često ubraja u 10 najstresnijih poslova na svijetu , a povećana izloženost stresu kod medicinskih sestara/tehničara nerijetko dovodi do sindroma izgaranja (eng. burnout syndrome) koji se povezuje s negativnim stanjima poput iscrpljenosti, umora, somatizacije i socijalnog povlačenja. Najčešći izvori profesionalnog stresa kod medicinskih sestara/tehničara, mogu se podijeliti na osobne čimbenike i prirodu sestrinstva te na radnu okolinu koja podrazumijeva organizacijske čimbenike, karakteristike i sukob uloga te međuljudske odnose. Istraživanje se provelo na ukupno 87 ispitanika, djelatnika Klinike za ginekologiju i porodništvo – operacijska sala i rađaona te Klinike za anesteziju, KBC-a Rijeka. Istraživanje se provelo putem ankete koja je prilagođena i skraćena verzija Skale stresa u sestrinstvu (eng. Nursing Stress Scale). Originalna skala stresa u sestrinstvu sastoji se od ukupno 34 stavke, a prilagođena skala stresa korištena u ovom radu od ukupno 27 stavki. Rezultati provedenog istraživanja dokazuju kako 78,1% medicinskih sestara/tehničara smatra kako je najveći izvor stresa na radnom mjestu nedostatak osoblja, dok 70% ispitanika kao izvor stresa previše administrativnih obaveza. 24,1% ispitanika navelo je da im često ili vrlo često nedostaje podrške od strane nadređenih djelatnika. 71,3% ispitanika ponekad iskusi nemogućnost dijeljenja negativnih emocija s kolegama, dok ispitanici mlađi od 20 godina češće nemaju mogućnost podijeliti negativne emocije i iskustva s drugim djelatnicima što uzrokuje stres kod mlađih djelatnika. Osjećaj bespomoćnosti zbog izostanka poboljšanja kod pacijenta kod 55,2% ispitanika je prisutan ponekad, dok je kod trećine prisutan često i vrlo često, što povećava razinu profesionalnog stresa.
Abstract (english) Occupational stress or stress in the workplace can be defined as a change in a person’s physical or mental condition, in response to stressors in the workplace. According to the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work from 2018, occupational stress is the second most common health problem associated with the workplace after back pain, affecting 22% of employees in 27 European countries. The most well-known theories and models of occupational stress include the person-environment adjustment model, the job characteristics model, the control demand model, and the effort imbalance model. Models of the physiological response to stress focus on two main mechanisms: the adrenal medullary response, which includes adrenaline and norepinephrine, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which includes cortisol. Considering personal and organizational components, nursing is often among the 10 most stressful jobs in the world, and increased exposure to stress in nurses / technicians often leads to burnout syndrome, which is associated with negative conditions such as exhaustion, fatigue, somatization and social withdrawal. The most common sources of occupational stress in nurses / technicians can be divided into personal factors and the nature of nursing and the work environment, which includes organizational factors, characteristics and conflict of roles and interpersonal relationships. The research was conducted on a total of 87 respondents, employees of the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics - operating room and delivery room and the Clinic for Anesthesia, University Hospital Center Rijeka. The research was conducted through a survey that is an adapted and abbreviated version of the Nursing Stress Scale. The original stress scale in nursing consists of a total of 34 items, and the adjusted stress scale used in this paper of a total of 27 items. The results of the survey show that 78.1% of nurses / technicians believe that the biggest source of stress in the workplace is a lack of staff, while 70% of respondents believe that they have too many administrative responsibilities. 24.1% of respondents stated that they often or very often lack support from superiors. 71.3% of respondents sometimes experience the inability to share negative emotions with colleagues, while respondents under the age of 20 more often do not have the opportunity to share negative emotions and experiences with other employees which causes stress in younger employees. The feeling of helplessness due to the lack of improvement in the patient in 55.2% of respondents is present sometimes, while in a third it is present often and very often, which increases the level of professional stress.
Keywords
profesionalan stres
izvori stresa
sestrinstvo
medicinske sestre/tehničari
skala stresa
Keywords (english)
occupational stress
sources of stress
nursing
nurses / technicians
stress scale
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:184:433501
Study programme Title: Graduate university study of Nursing: Promotion and Protection of Mental Health (Biomedicine and Healthcare; clinical medical sciences) Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sestrinstva (magistar/magistra sestrinstva)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2022-05-04 08:30:32