Psychomotor agitation in neurosurgical patients with traumatic brain injury can be a challenging and serious issue that requires careful monitoring, attention, and treatment. Psychomotor agitation is characterized by increased psychomotor activity, restlessness, and irritability. Traumatic brain injury disrupts the normal function of the brain, which can significantly affect a person's quality of life, causing cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and physical symptoms that limit interpersonal, social, and professional activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of psychomotor agitation in neurosurgical patients with traumatic brain injury at the Neurosurgery Clinic, to determine whether psychomotor agitation occurs more frequently in patients who underwent surgical intervention compared to those who were not operated on, and to identify the type of injury most commonly associated with psychomotor agitation. The research was conducted at the Neurosurgery Clinic, in the Department of Surgical Treatment of Nervous System Diseases and the Intensive Care Unit. The study involved 100 patients who were hospitalized from May 2023 to December 2023. Data for this study were collected anonymously from the database of the Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka using the IBIS system. The results of the study showed that all three hypotheses were refuted. Hypothesis 1 demonstrated that psychomotor agitation occurs in less than 60% of patients with traumatic brain injury. Hypothesis 2 demonstrated that there is no significant difference in the occurrence of psychomotor agitation between operated and non-operated patients. Hypothesis 3 demonstrated that psychomotor agitation does not occur more frequently in patients who underwent craniotomy.