The topic of this paper is cystic fibrosis. The paper mentions the theoretical determinants of cystic fibrosis, that is, the concept and type of this disease is discussed. The specificity of cystic fibrosis, as well as symptoms such as persistent cough, repeated respiratory tract infections, incomplete digestion of foods accompanied by abundant and fat intensive odor stools, bloating, poorer physical progress despite good running and high intake of food, etc., are highlighted. It should be noted that cystic fibrosis is an autosomalectic hereditary multisystemic disease, and affects numerous epithelial organs, especially exocrine glands. This disease is inherited recessively. In the history of medicine, cystic fibrosis has been known for centuries, as a disease of young children with extremely salty skin. Different lung conditions are presented in this paper, illustrations taken from the Cystic Fibrosis Manual for patients and their parents. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of pancreas. In addition, it is mentioned in the paper that both parents should have one copy of CF (cystic fibrosis) genes for any of their children to have this disease. Furthermore, the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is discussed. It is precisely due to the advancement of therapeutic and supportive possibilities, a significantly prolonged lifespan of patients with cystic fibrosis. The paper presents the diagnostic criteria for cystic fibrosis. The role of a nurse in the treatment of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis is also emphasized.