From the first known documented case of gestational diabetes recorded in Heinrich G. Bennewitz 's book »De diabete mellito, graviditatis symptomat« in 1824. to the present day, many aspects of the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy have been explored. It's comorbidities far outweigh mother's wellbeing and offspring's wellbeing, thus the avoidance of gestational diabetes needs to be incorporated in public health programs. The incidence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in pregnancy is continuously increasing, as evidenced by the figures which show that gestational diabetes occurs in 16 % of all births. A study initially launched in 2000. to improve diagnostic criteria based on pregnancy outcomes proved that even »lower« maternal glycemic values have a significant impact on pregnancy outcome. Therefore, changes and adoption of new criteria have arisen in most health systems and have, understandably, lead to an rise in the number of cases, but also to a decrease in non-treatment-related risk complications. The scientific community 's concern is growing, first because of the impact of gestational diabetes on the already alarming increase in the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and then because of the lack of an unified diagnostic approach for several decades. Glycemic self-control, inclusion of physical activity and a balanced diet are the primary steps in treatment. The absence of normoglycemia by lifestyle change indicates the introduction of insulin therapy. Insulin is the first choice and the efficacy and safety of some insulin analogues, such as »insulin lispro, aspart and detemir«, as well as oral hypoglycaemic agents, have recently been confirmed. Proper management of this increasingly common disorder in pregnancy can only be improved by clinical research aimed at identifying genetic factors, risk factors, and pathophysiological mechanisms.