Preterm labor is defined as the birth of a baby before the end of 37 weeks of pregnancy, and the lower limit is 22 weeks or birth weight ≥ 500 grams. Preterm labor is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, and is the biggest problem and the challenge of contemporary perinatology. The aim of this study was to determine the condition of infants from preterm labor, especially compared gestational age and weight premature infants with its vitality after birth. Also, the aim was to determine the risk factors for preterm labor as well as the manner of their completion. The study involved 23 mothers, and 27 premature infants of which four pairs of twins. The research was conducted in the form of a data collection form, the data were collected from medical records respectively birth certificate of mothers who had given birth prematurely. During March, April and May 2018, 558 newborns were born in KBC Rijeka, of which 27 premature infants, which amounts to 4.8%. The most infants were born from 34 to 36 + 6 weeks of gestation (40.7%), and 48.1% preterm infants had birth weight between 1500 to 2499 grams. In the first minute Apgar score 8-10 had 61.5% of premature infants, and after the fifth minute score 8-10 had 69.2% of premature infants. Lower birth weight and lower Apgar score are associated with a lower gestational age. Preterm labor is more common in older primiparas, and mothers who are in the pregnancy occurred some diseases or conditions, such as preeclampsia, hypertension, anemia, and bleeding in the I., II. and III. trimester. The outcome of preterm labor is not related to the damaging habits of a mother in pregnancy and the increase in pregnancy weight.